Adjective Agreement
Full Adjective Endings Table
Using новый (new) as the model:
| Case | Masculine | Pronunciation | Feminine | Neuter | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | новый | NO-viy | новая (NO-va-ya) | новое (NO-va-ye) | новые (NO-vi-ye) |
| Accusative (inanim.) | новый | NO-viy | новую (NO-voo-yu) | новое (NO-va-ye) | новые (NO-vi-ye) |
| Accusative (anim.) | нового | NO-va-va | новую (NO-voo-yu) | — | новых (NO-vikh) |
| Genitive | нового | NO-va-va | новой (NO-voy) | нового (NO-va-va) | новых (NO-vikh) |
| Dative | новому | NO-va-moo | новой (NO-voy) | новому (NO-va-moo) | новым (NO-vim) |
| Instrumental | новым | NO-vim | новой (NO-voy) | новым (NO-vim) | новыми (NO-vi-mi) |
| Prepositional | новом | NO-vom | новой (NO-voy) | новом (NO-vom) | новых (NO-vikh) |
Soft Adjectives (-ий ending)
Some adjectives use soft endings. Model: синий (SEE-niy) (blue/dark):
- синий (SEE-niy) (m) / синяя (SEE-nya-ya) (f) / синее (SEE-nye-ye) (n) / синие (SEE-ni-ye) (pl)
Examples in Context
- Новый дом большой. (NO-viy dom bal’-SHOY) (The new house is big.) — nom. masc.
- Я вижу новый дом. (ya VEE-zhoo NO-viy dom) (I see the new house.) — acc. inanim. masc.
- Я живу в новом доме. (ya zhi-VOO v NO-vom DO-mye) (I live in the new house.) — prep. masc.
- Книга новой студентки. (KNEEga NO-voy stoo-DYENT-ki) (The new student’s book.) — gen. fem.
Adjective-Noun Agreement Rule
The adjective ending must match the noun in:
- Gender (masculine/feminine/neuter)
- Number (singular/plural)
- Case (nominative/accusative/genitive/dative/instrumental/prepositional)
Practice
What is новый in the prepositional masculine?
новом (в новом доме = in the new house)
Translate: красивая девушка (nominative)
beautiful girl
What ending does новый take in genitive masculine?
-ого → нового (нового дома = of the new house)